Seroprevalencia y detección de infección primaria por citomegalovirus mediante prueba de avidez IgG en el primer trimestre de embarazo / Seroprevalence and detection of primary infection by cytomegalovirus with IgG avidity test during the first quarter of pregnancy

Objetivo. Conocer la seroprevalencia y detección de infección primaria por citomegalovirus (CMV) mediante prueba de avidez de inmunoglobulina G (IgG) durante el primer trimestre del embarazo en el Hospital General de Morelia, Michoacán. Material y métodos. Se estudiaron 177 pacientes mediante prueba de Elisa modificada, la cual utiliza inmunoanálisis quimioluminiscente de micropartículas (CMIA) para detección de anti-CMV (IgG e inmunoglobulina M [IgM]) e IgG avidez. Resultados. Del total de pruebas, 90.4% resultaron positivas para IgG; de éstas, 2.3% resultaron reactivas a IgM. En este segundo grupo, la prueba de IgG avidez reportó avidez baja en 1.1% y alta en el mismo porcentaje; 9.6% fueron seronegativas. Conclusiones. Se encontró similitud con lo publicado en México. Los profesionales de la salud deben conocer los algoritmos para el diagnóstico y manejo oportuno de la infección por CMV mediante la prueba de avidez de IgG.

Objective. To determine the seroprevalence and detection of primary infection by cytomegalovirus (CMV) with immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity test during the first quarter of pregnancy in the General Hospital in Morelia, Michoacan. Materials and methods. A total of 177 patients were studied employing a modified Elisa test using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) for the detection of CMV antibodies (IgG and immunoglobulin M [IgM]), and IgG avidity. Results. 90.4% were positive for IgG, and of these, 2.3% were also reactive for IgM, and in this group the IgG avidity test reported low avidity for 1.1% and higher avidity in the same percentage. 9.6% were seronegative. Conclusions. Similarity was found with published studies in Mexico. Health professionals should know the clinical algorithms for diagnosis and proper management of CMV infection using the IgG avidity test.

[Seroprevalence and detection of primary infection by cytomegalovirus with IgG avidity test during the first quarter of pregnancy]. / Seroprevalencia y detección de infección primaria por citomegalovirus mediante prueba de avidez IgG en el primer trimestre de embarazo.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence and detection of primary infection by cytomegalovirus (CMV) with immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity test during the first quarter of pregnancy in the General Hospital in Morelia, Michoacan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 177 patients were studied employing a modified Elisa test using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) for the detection of CMV antibodies (IgG and immunoglobulin M [IgM]), and IgG avidity. RESULTS: 90.4% were positive for IgG, and of these, 2.3% were also reactive for IgM, and in this group the IgG avidity test reported low avidity for 1.1% and higher avidity in the same percentage. 9.6% were seronegative. CONCLUSIONS: Similarity was found with published studies in Mexico. Health professionals should know the clinical algorithms for diagnosis and proper management of CMV infection using the IgG avidity test.

[Rosuvastatin and metformin decrease inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia]. / Rosuvastatina y metformina reducen la inflamación y el estrés oxidativo en pacientes con hipertensión y dislipemia.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Both hypertension and dyslipidemia raise the risk of cardiovascular disease because they have proinflammatory effects and increase oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rosuvastatin and metformin on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia. METHODS: This open parallel-group clinical study involved 48 patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia. Of these, 16 were treated with rosuvastatin, 10 mg/day, while 16 received metformin, 1700 mg/day, and the 14 in the control group received starch placebo, 10 mg/day. The following variables were recorded during the study: age, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) glutathione reductase (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). RESULTS: Administration of 10 mg/day of rosuvastatin decreased total cholesterol by 41.7%, LDL cholesterol by 63.0%, and triglycerides by 10.7%, and increased HDL cholesterol by 6.3%. Pharmacological treatment with either rosuvastatin or metformin lead to reductions in IL-6, TNFalpha, GSH and GPx levels and an increase in the SOD level, and there were significant interactions between the two treatment groups for these variables. CONCLUSIONS: Rosuvastatin improved the lipid profile. Moreover, both rosuvastatin and metformin reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. These results demonstrate the presence of an additional cardioprotective effect, which may result from a direct mechanism of action or be a pleiotropic effect. Further long-term studies are required to determine whether rosuvastatin or metformin can be used to decrease the cardiovascular risk resulting from oxidative stress and inflammation.

Rosuvastatina y metformina reducen la inflamación y el estrés oxidativo en pacientes con hipertensión y dislipemia / Rosuvastatin and metformin decrease inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia

Introducción y objetivos. La hipertensión arterial (HTA) y la dislipemia incrementan el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular a través de los efectos proinflamatorios y el estrés oxidativo. Nuestro objetivo fue estimar el efecto de la rosuvastatina y la metformina en la inflamación y el estrés oxidativo en pacientes con HTA y dislipemia. Métodos. En un ensayo clínico abierto paralelo, se estudió a 48 pacientes con HTA y dislipemia. Se trató a 16 pacientes con rosuvastatina 10 mg/día, 16 con metformina 1.700 mg/día y 16 con 10 mg de almidón como control. Las variables analizadas durante el estudio fueron edad, peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC), presión arterial, glucosa, colesterol total (CT), de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (cLDL) y de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad (cHDL), triglicéridos (TG), interleucina 6 (IL-6), factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNFα), glutatión reductasa (GSH), glutatión peroxidasa (GPx) y superóxido dismutasa (SOD). Resultados. Con 10 mg/día de rosuvastatina, disminuyeron el CT (41,7%), el cLDL (63%) y los TG (10,7%) y se incrementó el cHDL (6,3%). Después del tratamiento farmacológico con rosuvastatina o metformina, se encontró disminución e interacción entre grupos en la IL-6, el TNFα, la GSH y la GPx e incremento en la SOD. Conclusiones. La rosuvastatina mejoró el perfil de lípidos. Ambos fármacos reducen la inflamación y el estrés oxidativo. Estos resultados demuestran un efecto adicional cardioprotector, como un mecanismo de acción directo o a través de sus efectos pleiotrópicos. Son necesarios estudios adicionales a largo plazo para determinar si la rosuvastatina o la metformina serán fármacos útiles para disminuir el riesgo cardiovascular causado por el estrés oxidativo y la inflamación (AU)

Introduction and objectives. Both hypertension and dyslipidemia raise the risk of cardiovascular disease because they have proinflammatory effects and increase oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rosuvastatin and metformin on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia. Methods. This open parallel-group clinical study involved 48 patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia. Of these, 16 were treated with rosuvastatin, 10 mg/day, while 16 received metformin, 1700 mg/day, and the 14 in the control group received starch placebo, 10 mg/day. The following variables were recorded during the study: age, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), glutathione reductase (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results. Administration of 10 mg/day of rosuvastatin decreased total cholesterol by 41.7%, LDL cholesterol by 63.0%, and triglycerides by 10.7%, and increased HDL cholesterol by 6.3%. Pharmacological treatment with either rosuvastatin or metformin lead to reductions in IL-6, TNFα, GSH and GPx levels and an increase in the SOD level, and there were significant interactions between the two treatment groups for these variables. Conclusions. Rosuvastatin improved the lipid profile. Moreover, both rosuvastatin and metformin reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. These results demonstrate the presence of an additional cardioprotective effect, which may result from a direct mechanism of action or be a pleiotropic effect. Further long-term studies are required to determine whether rosuvastatin or metformin can be used to decrease the cardiovascular risk resulting from oxidative stress and inflammation (AU)